堪薩斯州位於美國大陸四十八州地理中心。北界內布拉斯加州。南鄰俄克拉荷馬州。西接科羅拉多州。東與密蘇裏州毗連。
堪薩斯州位於美國大陸中部。北界內布拉斯加州。南鄰俄克拉荷馬州。西接科羅拉多州。東與密蘇裏州毗連。堪薩斯州氣候，冬季內已無刺骨的寒風夏季內卻有薰人的暖風（墨西哥灣暖氣流北上）。降雨量中等。 由西北角到東南角可分三區：
（A）西部是高平原，面積最大，約占本州面積三分之二，高度有壹千多公尺，地面已被切割，出現溝谷丘陵。
（B）東北部冰磧區，面積很小，也被切割。
（C）東南部是大平原區，高度只有二百公尺。
全州地勢西高東低，大部地區是廣闊坦蕩的高平原，是地勢平坦而沒有樹木生長的地區，其中有河谷、小溪及峽谷，平均海拔610米。許多小丘陵高出平原面30～100米，如東部的弗林特丘陵，西部的斯莫基丘陵及雷德丘陵。西部靠近科羅拉多州邊境的森弗勞爾山（向日葵山）海拔1231米，為全州最高點。弗林特丘陵，意譯是燧石丘陵，因往日印第安人在這個丘陵區內尋找燧石，作箭頭用而得名。南部靠近俄克拉何馬州的弗迪格裏斯河谷海拔213米，為全境最低點。 堪薩斯州屬溫帶大陸性氣候，有嚴冬酷暑，溫差變化大，但時間不長。1月平均氣溫－3～1℃，7月平均氣溫24～27℃。年平均氣溫為13℃。生長期從4月中旬到9月中旬，年平均降水量東南部為1000毫米，西部為500毫米。堪薩斯全州的平均降水量約690毫米。西部降水集中在夏季，常有旱災和沙暴天氣。
堪薩斯州以天氣晴朗而聞名，堪薩斯州每年有超過275天以上的晴天。 County FIPS code County seat Established Origin Etymology County Code Population Area Map Allen County001Iola1855One of the original 36 countiesWilliam Allen,U.S. SenatorfromOhioand prominent supporter of westward expansionAL13,319503sqmi (1,303km) Anderson County003Garnett1855One of the original 36 countiesJoseph C. Anderson, Kansas territorial legislator andBorder Ruffianduring "Bleeding Kansas"AN7,917583sqmi (1,510km) Atchison County005Atchison1855One of the original 36 countiesDavid Rice Atchison, U.S. Senator fromMissouriand Border Ruffian during "Bleeding Kansas"AT16,813432sqmi (1,119km) Barber County007Medicine Lodge1867From unorganized areaThomas W. Barber, prominentFree-Staterkilled in theWakarusa WarBA4,8611,134sqmi (2,937km) Barton County009Great Bend1867From unorganized areaClara Barton, founder of theAmerican Red CrossBT27,557894sqmi (2,315km) Bourbon County011Fort Scott1855One of the original 36 countiesBourbon County, Kentucky, from which many original settlers hailedBB14,897637sqmi (1,650km) Brown County013Hiawatha1855One of the original 36 counties (Formerly Browne County)Albert Gallatin Brown, U.S. Senator fromMississippiand Kansas statehood advocateBR9,881571sqmi (1,479km) Butler County015El Dorado1855One of the original 36 countiesAndrew Pickens Butler, U.S. Senator fromSouth Carolinaand Kansas statehood advocateBU65,8271,428sqmi (3,699km) Chase County017Cottonwood Falls1859Formed from Butler and Wise countiesSalmon Portland Chase, U.S. Senator from Ohio and Kansas statehood advocateCS2,757776sqmi (2,010km) Chautauqua County019Sedan1875Formed from Howard CountyChautauqua County, New York, from which many early settlers hailedCQ3,571642sqmi (1,663km) Cherokee County021Columbus1855One of the original 36 counties (Formerly McGee County)Cherokee Native Americans, whose lands borders the county in nearbyIndian TerritoryCK21,226587sqmi (1,520km) Cheyenne County023Saint Francis1873From unorganized areaCheyenne Native Americans, who inhabited the areaCN2,6781,020sqmi (2,642km) Clark County025Ashland1885Formed from Ford CountyCharles F. Clarke, Captain in6th Regiment Kansas Volunteer CavalryduringAmerican Civil WarCA2,181975sqmi (2,525km) Clay County027Clay Center1857From unorganized areaHenry Clay, influential U.S. Senator fromKentuckyCY8,531644sqmi (1,668km) Cloud County029Concordia1866Formed from Washington (Formerly Shirley County)William F. Cloud, Union general in the American Civil War who chiefly fought in Kansas and MissouriCD9,397716sqmi (1,854km) Coffey County031Burlington1855One of the original 36 countiesA.M. Coffey, territorial legislator and Free-Stater during Bleeding KansasCF8,502630sqmi (1,632km) Comanche County033Coldwater1867From unorganized areaComanche Native Americans, who lived in the areaCM1,913788sqmi (2,041km) Cowley County035Winfield1867Formed from Butler CountyMatthew R. Cowley, Union lieutenant and distinguished Civil War heroCL36,2881,126sqmi (2,916km) Crawford County037Girard1867Bourbon and Cherokee CountiesSamuel J. Crawford, thirdGovernor of KansasCR39,361593sqmi (1,536km) Decatur County039Oberlin1873From unorganized areaStephen Decatur, naval commodore andWar of 1812heroDC2,871894sqmi (2,315km) Dickinson County041Abilene1857From unorganized areaDaniel Stevens Dickinson, U.S. Senator fromNew Yorkand Kansas statehood advocateDK19,762848sqmi (2,196km) Doniphan County043Troy1855One of the original 36 countiesAlexander William Doniphan,Mexican-American Warhero and pro-slavery sympathizer in "Bleeding Kansas"DP7,864392sqmi (1,015km) Douglas County045Lawrence1855One of the original 36 countiesStephen Arnold Douglas, U.S. Senator fromIllinoisand advocate for the moderatepopular sovereigntychoice in the Kansas slavery debateDG112,864457sqmi (1,184km) Edwards County047Kinsley1874Formed from Kiowa CountyJohn H. Edwards,state senatorwho pushed for creation of the countyED2,979622sqmi (1,611km) Elk County049Howard1875Formed from Howard CountyElk River, which originates in the countyEK2,720648sqmi (1,678km) Ellis County051Hays1867From unorganized areaGeorge Ellis, Union lieutenant and distinguished Civil War heroEL29,053900sqmi (2,331km) Ellsworth County053Ellsworth1867From unorganized areaFort Ellsworth, a Union Civil War outpost in the areaEW6,494716sqmi (1,854km) Finney County055Garden City1883Formed from Arapahoe, Grant, Kearney and Sequoyah CountiesDavid W. Finney, tenth lieutenant governor of KansasFI37,2001,300sqmi (3,367km) Ford County057Dodge City1867From unorganized areaJames H. Ford, Union general in the Civil War who mainly fought in Kansas and MissouriFO34,7521,099sqmi (2,846km) Franklin County059Ottawa1855One of the original 36 countiesBenjamin Franklin, orator, writer, scholar, and founding father of the U.S.FR25,906574sqmi (1,487km) Geary County061Junction City1855One of the original 36 counties (Formerly Davis County)John White Geary, Union general in the Civil War who mainly fought in Kansas and Missouri, and who later became Kansas territorial governorGE38,013384sqmi (995km) Gove County063Gove City1868From unorganized areaGrenville L. Gove, Captain in the11th Regiment Kansas Volunteer Cavalryduring the Civil WarGO2,7291,072sqmi (2,776km) Graham County065Hill City1867From unorganized areaJohn L. Graham, Union captain and Civil War heroGH2,578898sqmi (2,326km) Grant County067Ulysses1888Formed from Finney and Hamilton CountiesUlysses Simpson Grant, commander of Union forces during the Civil War andU.S. PresidentGT7,923575sqmi (1,489km) Gray County069Cimarron1887Formed from Finney and Ford CountiesAlfred Gray, Kansas Secretary of AgricultureGY6,030869sqmi (2,251km) Greeley County071Tribune1873From unorganized areaHorace Greeley, publisher of theNew York Tribuneand anti-slavery advocateGL1,298778sqmi (2,015km) Greenwood County073Eureka1855One of the original 36 countiesAlfred B. Greenwood,U.S. RepresentativefromArkansasand Kansas statehood advocateGW6,4541,140sqmi (2,953km) Hamilton County075Syracuse1873From unorganized areaAlexander Hamilton, firstU.S. Treasury Secretaryand founding fatherHM2,639996sqmi (2,580km) Harper County077Anthony1867From unorganized areaMarion Harper, Union sergeant and Civil War heroHP5,911802sqmi (2,077km) Harvey County079Newton1872Formed from McPherson, Sedgwick and Reno CountiesJames M. Harvey, fifth governor of KansasHV34,852539sqmi (1,396km) Haskell County081Sublette1887Formed from Finney and Ford CountiesDudley Chase Haskell, U.S. Representative from KansasHS4,256577sqmi (1,494km) Hodgeman County083Jetmore1867From unorganized area (Formerly Hageman County)Amos Hodgman, Union captain and Civil War heroHG1,963860sqmi (2,227km) Jackson County085Holton1855One of the original 36 counties (Formerly Calhoun County)Andrew Jackson, seventh U.S. PresidentJA13,449657sqmi (1,702km) Jefferson County087Oskaloosa1855One of the original 36 countiesThomas Jefferson, third U.S. President and founding fatherJF18,945536sqmi (1,388km) Jewell County089Mankato1867From unorganized areaLewis R. Jewell, Union colonel and Civil War heroJW3,046909sqmi (2,354km) Johnson County091Olathe1855One of the original 36 countiesThomas Johnson, Methodistmissionarywho was one of the state's first settlersJO559,913477sqmi (1,235km) Kearny County093Lakin1887Formed from Finney and Hamilton CountiesPhilip Kearny, American general in the Mexican-American and Civil WarsKE3,968870sqmi (2,253km) Kingman County095Kingman1872Harper and Reno CountiesSamuel A. Kingman, Chief Justice of theKansas Supreme CourtKM7,863864sqmi (2,238km) Kiowa County097Greensburg1886Formed from Comanche and Edwards CountiesKiowa Native Americans, who inhabited the areaKW2,496722sqmi (1,870km) Labette County099Oswego1867Formed from Neosho CountyPierre La Bette, French fur trapper who formed a peaceful relationship with area nativesLB21,284649sqmi (1,681km) Lane County101Dighton1873From unorganized areaJames H. Lane, U.S. Senator from Kansas and Free-Stater during "Bleeding Kansas"LE1,704717sqmi (1,857km) Leavenworth County103Leavenworth1855One of the original 36 countiesHenry Leavenworth, general in theIndian Warswho established a fort in the areaLV77,739463sqmi (1,199km) Lincoln County105Lincoln1867From unorganized areaAbraham Lincoln, sixteenth U.S. PresidentLC3,174719sqmi (1,862km) Linn County107Mound City1855One of the original 36 countiesLewis Fields Linn, U.S. Senator from Kentucky whose family was later involved in the settlement of KansasLN9,441599sqmi (1,551km) Logan County109Oakley1888Formed from Wallace County (formerly named St. John County)John Alexander Logan, prominent Union Civil War general and U.S. Senator from IllinoisLG2,7841,073sqmi (2,779km) Lyon County111Emporia1855One of the original 36 counties (Formerly Breckenridge County)Nathaniel Lyon, first Union general to be killed in the Civil WarLY33,748851sqmi (2,204km) Marion County115Marion1860From unorganized areaFrancis Marion,American Revolutionary WarheroMN12,347943sqmi (2,442km) Marshall County117Marysville1855One of the original 36 countiesFrank J. Marshall, state representative who became locally known for operating the first ferry over theBig Blue RiverMS10,022903sqmi (2,339km) McPherson County113McPherson1867From unorganized areaJames Birdseye McPherson, prominent Union Civil War generalMP29,356900sqmi (2,331km) Meade County119Meade1885Formed from Finney, Ford and Seward CountiesGeorge Gordon Meade, Union Civil War general best known for his victory at theBattle of GettysburgME4,396978sqmi (2,533km) Miami County121Paola1855One of the original 36 counties (Formerly Lykins)Miami Native Americans, who lived in the areaMI32,612577sqmi (1,494km) Mitchell County123Beloit1867From unorganized areaWilliam D. Mitchell, Union captain and Civil War heroMC6,355700sqmi (1,813km) Montgomery County125Independence1867Formed from Wilson CountyRichard Montgomery, Revolutionary War heroMG34,459645sqmi (1,671km) Morris County127Council Grove1855One of the original 36 counties (Formerly Wise County)Thomas Morris, U.S. Senator from Ohio and anti-slavery advocateMR5,854697sqmi (1,805km) Morton County129Elkhart1886Formed from Seward CountyOliver P. Morton,Governor of Indianaand prominent anti-slavery advocateMT3,169730sqmi (1,891km) Nemaha County131Seneca1855One of the original 36 counties (Formerly Dorn County)Nemaha River, which passes through the countyNM10,132719sqmi (1,862km) Neosho County133Erie1855One of the original 36 counties (Formerly Dorn County)Neosho River, which passes through the countyNO16,406572sqmi (1,481km) Ness County135Ness City1867From unorganized areaNoah V. Ness, Corporal in7th Regiment Kansas Volunteer Cavalryduring Civil WarNS3,0681,075sqmi (2,784km) Norton County137Norton1867From unorganized area (Formerly Billings (1873-9)Orloff Norton, Union captain and Civil War heroNT5,612878sqmi (2,274km) Osage County139Lyndon1855One of the original 36 counties (Formerly Weller County)Osage River, which flows through the countyOS16,142704sqmi (1,823km) Osborne County141Osborne1867From unorganized areaVincent B. Osborne, Union soldier and Civil War heroOB3,806893sqmi (2,313km) Ottawa County143Minneapolis1860From unorganized areaOttawa Native Americans, who lived in the areaOT6,072721sqmi (1,867km) Pawnee County145Larned1867From unorganized areaPawnee Native Americans, who lived in the areaPN6,928754sqmi (1,953km) Phillips County147Phillipsburg1867From unorganized areaWilliam Phillips, state legislator who pushed for creation of the county, and later U.S. RepresentativePL5,519886sqmi (2,295km) Pottawatomie County149Westmoreland1857Formed from Calhoun and RileyPottawatomie Native Americans, who lived in the areaPT22,302844sqmi (2,186km) Pratt County151Pratt1867From unorganized areaCaleb Pratt, Union lieutenant and Civil War heroPR9,728735sqmi (1,904km) Rawlins County153Atwood1873From unorganized areaJohn Aaron Rawlins, prominent Union Civil War generalRA2,5601,070sqmi (2,771km) Reno County155Hutchinson1867From unorganized areaJesse L. Reno, prominent Union Civil War generalRN64,4381,254sqmi (3,248km) Republic County157Belleville1868Formed from Washington CountyRepublican River, which flows through the countyRP4,858716sqmi (1,854km) Rice County159Lyons1867From unorganized areaSamuel A. Rice, prominent Union Civil War generalRC9,985727sqmi (1,883km) Riley County161Manhattan1855One of the original 36 countiesBennett C. Riley, Mexican-American War heroRL75,508610sqmi (1,580km) Rooks County163Stockton1867From unorganized areaJohn C. Rooks, Private in11th Regiment Kansas Volunteer Cavalryduring Civil WarRO5,223888sqmi (2,300km) Rush County165La Crosse1867From unorganized areaAlexander Rush, Union captain and Civil War heroRH3,220718sqmi (1,860km) Russell County167Russell1867From unorganized areaAlva P. Russell, Union captain and Civil War heroRS6,946885sqmi (2,292km) Saline County169Salina1860From unorganized areaSaline River, which flows through the countySA55,988720sqmi (1,865km) Scott County171Scott City1873From unorganized areaWinfield Scott, Mexican-American War hero and unsuccessful presidential candidateSC4,937718sqmi (1,860km) Sedgwick County173Wichita1867Formed from Butler CountyJohn Sedgwick, highest ranking Union general killed in the Civil WarSG503,8891,000sqmi (2,590km) Seward County175Liberal1873From unorganized areaWilliam Henry Seward,U.S. Secretary of StateSW23,547640sqmi (1,658km) Shawnee County177Topeka1855One of the original 36 countiesShawnee Native Americans, who lived in the areaSN178,991550sqmi (1,424km) Sheridan County179Hoxie1873From unorganized areaPhilip Henry Sheridan, prominent Union Civil War generalSD2,538896sqmi (2,321km) Sherman County181Goodland1873From unorganized areaWilliam Tecumseh Sherman, prominent Civil War generalSH6,1131,056sqmi (2,735km) Smith County183Smith Center1867From unorganized areaJ. Nelson Smith, Union major and Civil War heroSM3,765896sqmi (2,321km) Stafford County185Saint John1867From unorganized areaLewis Stafford, Union captain and Civil War heroSF4,358792sqmi (2,051km) Stanton County187Johnson City1887Formed from Hamilton CountyEdwin McMasters Stanton,U.S. Secretary of Warduring the Civil WarST2,175680sqmi (1,761km) Stevens County189Hugoton1886Formed from Seward CountyThaddeus Stevens, U.S. Representative fromPennsylvaniawho was a leader ofReconstructionpoliticsSV5,756728sqmi (1,886km) Sumner County191Wellington1867Formed from Butler CountyCharles Sumner, U.S. Senator fromMassachusettswho was a leader ofReconstructionpoliticsSU23,6741,182sqmi (3,061km) Thomas County193Colby1873From unorganized areaGeorge Henry Thomas, prominent Union Civil War generalTH7,9411,075sqmi (2,784km) Trego County195WaKeeney1867From unorganized areaEdgar P. Trego, Union captain and Civil War heroTR2,986888sqmi (2,300km) Wabaunsee County197Alma1855One of the original 36 counties (Formerly Richardson County)Chief Wabaunsee,PotawatomileaderWB7,039798sqmi (2,067km) Wallace County199Sharon Springs1868From unorganized areaW.H.L. Wallace, prominent Union Civil War generalWA1,517914sqmi (2,367km) Washington County201Washington1857From unorganized areaGeorge Washington, first U.S. President and founding fatherWS5,758898sqmi (2,326km) Wichita County203Leoti1873From unorganized areaWichita Native Americans, who lived in the areaWH2,256719sqmi (1,862km) Wilson County205Fredonia1855One of the original 36 countiesHiero T. Wilson, Union colonel and Civil War heroWL9,105574sqmi (1,487km) Woodson County207Yates Center1855One of the original 36 countiesDaniel Woodson, five time acting governor of Kansas TerritoryWO3,278501sqmi (1,298km) Wyandotte County209Kansas City1859Formed from Leavenworth and Johnson CountiesWyandotte Native Americans, who lived in the areaWY159,129151sqmi (391km)