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詳細介紹壹下有關硬件術語的全稱

計算機英文術語完全介紹

1、CPU

3DNow!(3D no waiting)

ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit,算術邏輯單元)

AGU(Address Generation Units,地址產成單元)

BGA(Ball Grid Array,球狀矩陣排列)

BHT(branch prediction table,分支預測表)

BPU(Branch Processing Unit,分支處理單元)

Brach Pediction(分支預測)

CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor,互補金屬氧化物半導體)

CISC(Complex Instruction Set Computing,復雜指令集計算機)

CLK(Clock Cycle,時鐘周期)

COB(Cache on board,板上集成緩存)

COD(Cache on Die,芯片內集成緩存)

CPGA(Ceramic Pin Grid Array,陶瓷針型柵格數組)

CPU(Center Processing Unit,中央處理器)

Data Forwarding(數據前送)

Decode(指令譯碼)

DIB(Dual Independent Bus,雙獨立總線)

EC(Embedded Controller,嵌入式控制器)

Embedded Chips(嵌入式處理器)

EPIC(explicitly parallel instruction code,並行指令代碼)

FADD(Floationg Point Addition,浮點加)

FCPGA(Flip Chip Pin Grid Array,反轉芯片針腳柵格數組)

FDIV(Floationg Point Divide,浮點除)

FEMMS(Fast Entry/Exit Multimedia State,快速進入/退出多媒體狀態)

FFT(fast Fourier transform,快速熱奧姆轉換)

FID(FID:Frequency identify,頻率鑒別號碼)

FIFO(First Input First Output,先入先出隊列)

flip-chip(芯片反轉)

FLOP(Floating Point Operations Per Second,浮點操作/秒)

FMUL(Floationg Point Multiplication,浮點乘)

FPU(Float Point Unit,浮點運算單元)

FSUB(Floationg Point Subtraction,浮點減)

HL-PBGA(表面黏著,高耐熱、輕薄型塑料球狀矩陣封裝)

IA(Intel Architecture,英特爾架構)

ICU(Instruction Control Unit,指令控制單元)

ID(identify,鑒別號碼)

IDF(Intel Developer Forum,英特爾開發者論壇)

IEU(Integer Execution Units,整數執行單元)

IMM(Intel Mobile Module,英特爾移動模塊)

Instructions Cache(指令緩存)

Instruction Coloring(指令分類)

IPC(Instructions Per Clock Cycle,指令/時鐘周期)

ISA(instruction set architecture,指令集架構)

KNI(Katmai New Instructions,Katmai新指令集,即SSE)

Latency(潛伏期)

LDT(Lightning Data Transport,閃電數據傳輸總線)

Local Interconnect(局域互連)

MESI(Modified,Exclusive,Shared,Invalid:修改、排除、***享、廢棄)

MMX(MultiMedia Extensions,多媒體擴展指令集)

MMU(Multimedia Unit,多媒體單元)

MFLOPS(Million Floationg Point/Second,每秒百萬個浮點操作)

MHz(Million Hertz,兆赫茲)

MP(Multi-Processing,多重處理器架構)

MPS(MultiProcessor Specification,多重處理器規範)

MSRs(Model-Specific Registers,特別模塊寄存器)

NAOC(no-account OverClock,無效超頻)

NI(Non-Intel,非英特爾)

OLGA(Organic Land Grid Array,基板柵格數組)

OoO(Out of Order,亂序執行)

PGA(Pin-Grid Array,引腳網格數組,耗電大)

PR(Performance Rate,性能比率)

PSN(Processor Serial numbers,處理器序列號)

PIB(Processor In a Box,盒裝處理器)

PPGA(Plastic Pin Grid Array,塑料針狀矩陣封裝)

PQFP(Plastic Quad Flat Package,塑料方塊平面封裝)

RAW(Read after Write,寫後讀)

Register Contention(搶占寄存器)

Register Pressure(寄存器不足)

Register Renaming(寄存器重命名)

Remark(芯片頻率重標識)

Resource contention(資源沖突)

Retirement(指令引退)

RISC(Reduced Instruction Set Computing,精簡指令集計算機)

SEC(Single Edge Connector,單邊連接器)

Shallow-trench isolation(淺槽隔離)

SIMD(Single Instruction Multiple Data,單指令多數據流)

SiO2F(Fluorided Silicon Oxide,二氧氟化矽)

SMI(System Management Interrupt,系統管理中斷)

SMM(System Management Mode,系統管理模式)

SMP(Symmetric Multi-Processing,對稱式多重處理架構)

SOI(Silicon-on-insulator,絕緣體矽片)

SONC(System on a chip,系統集成芯片)

SPEC(System Performance Evaluation Corporation,系統性能評估測試)

SQRT(Square Root Calculations,平方根計算)

SSE(Streaming SIMD Extensions,單壹指令多數據流擴展)

Superscalar(超標量體系結構)

TCP(Tape Carrier Package,薄膜封裝,發熱小)

Throughput(吞吐量)

TLB(Translate Look side Buffers,翻譯旁視緩沖器)

USWC(Uncacheabled Speculative Write Combination,無緩沖隨機聯合寫操作)

VALU(Vector Arithmetic Logic Unit,向量算術邏輯單元)

VLIW(Very Long Instruction Word,超長指令字)

VPU(Vector Permutate Unit,向量排列單元)

VPU(vector processing units,向量處理單元,即處理MMX、SSE等SIMD指令的地方)

2、主板

ADIMM(advanced Dual In-line Memory Modules,高級雙重內嵌式內存模塊)

AMR(Audio/Modem Riser;音效/調制解調器主機板附加直立插卡)

AHA(Accelerated Hub Architecture,加速中心架構)

ASK IR(Amplitude Shift Keyed Infra-Red,長波形可移動輸入紅外線)

ATX(AT Extend,擴展型AT)

BIOS(Basic Input/Output System,基本輸入/輸出系統)

CSE(Configuration Space Enable,可分配空間)

DB(Device Bay,設備插架)

DMI(Desktop Management Interface,桌面管理接口)

EB(Expansion Bus,擴展總線)

EISA(Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture,增強形工業標準架構)

EMI(Electromagnetic Interference,電磁幹擾)

ESCD(Extended System Configuration Data,可擴展系統配置數據)

FBC(Frame Buffer Cache,幀緩沖緩存)

FireWire(火線,即IEEE1394標準)

FSB(Front Side Bus,前置總線,即外部總線)

FWH( Firmware Hub,固件中心)

GMCH(Graphics & Memory Controller Hub,圖形和內存控制中心)

GPIs(General Purpose Inputs,普通操作輸入)

ICH(Input/Output Controller Hub,輸入/輸出控制中心)

IR(infrared ray,紅外線)

IrDA(infrared ray,紅外線通信接口可進行局域網存取和檔***享)

ISA(Industry Standard Architecture,工業標準架構)

ISA(instruction set architecture,工業設置架構)

MDC(Mobile Daughter Card,移動式子卡)

MRH-R(Memory Repeater Hub,內存數據處理中心)

MRH-S(SDRAM Repeater Hub,SDRAM數據處理中心)

MTH(Memory Transfer Hub,內存轉換中心)

NGIO(Next Generation Input/Output,新壹代輸入/輸出標準)

P64H(64-bit PCI Controller Hub,64位PCI控制中心)

PCB(printed circuit board,印刷電路板)

PCBA(Printed Circuit Board Assembly,印刷電路板裝配)

PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnect,互連外圍設備)

PCI SIG(Peripheral Component Interconnect Special Interest Group,互連外圍設備專業組)

POST(Power On Self Test,加電自測試)

RNG(Random number Generator,隨機數字發生器)

RTC(Real Time Clock,實時時鐘)

KBC(KeyBroad Control,鍵盤控制器)

SBA(Side Band Addressing,邊帶尋址)

SMA(Share Memory Architecture,***享內存結構)

STD(Suspend To Disk,磁盤喚醒)

STR(Suspend To RAM,內存喚醒)

SVR(Switching Voltage Regulator,交換式電壓調節)

USB(Universal Serial Bus,通用串行總線)

USDM(Unified System Diagnostic Manager,統壹系統監測管理器)

VID(Voltage Identification Definition,電壓識別認證)

VRM (Voltage Regulator Module,電壓調整模塊)

ZIF(Zero Insertion Force,零插力)

主板技術

技嘉

ACOPS: Automatic CPU OverHeat Prevention System(CPU過熱預防系統)

SIV: System Information Viewer(系統信息觀察)

盤英

ESDJ(Easy Setting Dual Jumper,簡化CPU雙重跳線法)

浩鑫

UPT(USB、PANEL、LINK、TV-OUT四重界面)

芯片組

ACPI(Advanced Configuration and Power Interface,先進設置和電源管理)

AGP(Accelerated Graphics Port,圖形加速接口)

I/O(Input/Output,輸入/輸出)

MIOC(Memory and I/O Bridge Controller,內存和I/O橋控制器)

NBC(North Bridge Chip,北橋芯片)

PIIX(PCI ISA/IDE Accelerator,加速器)

PSE36(Page Size Extension 36-bit,36位頁面尺寸擴展模式)

PXB(PCI Expander Bridge,PCI增強橋)

RCG(RAS/CAS Generator,RAS/CAS發生器)

SBC(South Bridge Chip,南橋芯片)

SMB(System Management Bus,全系統管理總線)

SPD(Serial Presence Detect,內存內部序號檢測裝置)

SSB(Super South Bridge,超級南橋芯片)

TDP(Triton Data Path,數據路徑)

TSC(Triton System Controller,系統控制器)

QPA(Quad Port Acceleration,四界面加速)

3、顯示設備

ASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit,特殊應用集成電路)

ASC(Auto-Sizing and Centering,自動調效屏幕尺寸和中心位置)

BLA(Bearn Landing Area,電子束落區)

CRC(Cyclical Redundancy Check,循環冗余檢查)

CRT(Cathode Ray Tube,陰極射線管)

DDC(Display Data Channel,顯示數據信道)

DFL(Dynamic Focus Lens,動態聚焦)

DFS(Digital Flex Scan,數字伸縮掃描)

DIC(Digital Image Control,數字圖像控制)

Digital Multiscan II(數字式智能多頻追蹤)

DLP(digital Light Processing,數字光處理)

DOSD(Digital On Screen Display,同屏數字化顯示)

DPMS(Display Power Management Signalling,顯示能源管理信號)

DQL(Dynamic Quadrapole Lens,動態四極鏡)

DSP(Digital Signal Processing,數字信號處理)

EFEAL(Extended Field Elliptical Aperture Lens,可擴展掃描橢圓孔鏡頭)

FRC(Frame Rate Control,幀比率控制)

LCD(liquid crystal display,液晶顯示屏)

LCOS(Liquid Crystal On Silicon,矽上液晶)

LED(light emitting diode,光學二級管)

L-SAGIC(Low Power-Small Aperture G1 wiht Impregnated Cathode,低電壓光圈陰極管)

LVDS(Low Voltage Differential Signal,低電壓差動信號)

MALS(Multi Astigmatism Lens System,多重散光聚焦系統)

MDA(Monochrome Adapter,單色設備)

MS(Magnetic Sensors,磁場感應器)

Porous Tungsten(活性鎢)

RSDS(Reduced Swing Differential Signal,小幅度擺動差動信號)

Shadow Mask(陰罩式)

TDT(Timeing Detection Table,資料測定表)

TICRG(Tungsten Impregnated Cathode Ray Gun,鎢傳輸陰級射線槍)

TFT(thin film transistor,薄膜晶體管)

VAGP(Variable Aperature Grille Pitch,可變間距光柵)

VBI(Vertical Blanking Interval,垂直空白間隙)

VDT(Video Display Terminals,視頻顯示終端)

VRR(Vertical Refresh Rate,垂直掃描頻率)

4、視頻

3D(Three Dimensional,三維)

3DS(3D SubSystem,三維子系統)

AE(Atmospheric Effects,霧化效果)

AFR(Alternate Frame Rendering,交替渲染技術)

Anisotropic Filtering(各向異性過濾)

APPE(Advanced Packet Parsing Engine,增強形幀解析引擎)

AV(Analog Video,模擬視頻)

Back Buffer(後置緩沖)

Backface culling(隱面消除)

Battle for Eyeballs(眼球大戰,各3D圖形芯片公司為了爭奪用戶而作的競爭)

Bilinear Filtering(雙線性過濾)

CG(Computer Graphics,計算機生成圖像)

Clipping(剪貼紋理)

Clock Synthesizer(時鐘合成器)

compressed textures(壓縮紋理)

Concurrent Command Engine(協作命令引擎)

Center Processing Unit Utilization(中央處理器占用率)

DAC(Digital to Analog Converter,數模傳換器)

Decal(印花法,用於生成壹些半透明效果,如:鮮血飛濺的場面)

DFP(Digital Flat Panel,數字式平面顯示器)

DFS: Dynamic Flat Shading(動態平面描影,可用作加速)

Dithering(抖動)

Directional Light(方向性光源)

DME: Direct Memory Execute(直接內存執行)

DOF(Depth of Field,多重境深)

dot texture blending(點型紋理混和)

Double Buffering(雙緩沖區)

DIR(Direct Rendering Infrastructure,基層直接渲染)

DVI(Digital Video Interface,數字視頻接口)

DxR(DynamicXTended Resolution,動態可擴展分辨率)

DXTC(Direct X Texture Compress,DirectX紋理壓縮,以S3TC為基礎)

Dynamic Z-buffering(動態Z軸緩沖區),顯示物體遠近,可用作遠景

E-DDC(Enhanced Display Data Channel,增強形視頻數據信道協議,定義了顯示輸出與主系統之間的通訊信道,能提高顯示輸出的畫面質量)

Edge Anti-aliasing(邊緣抗鋸齒失真)

E-EDID(Enhanced Extended Identification Data,增強形擴充身份辨識數據,定義了計算機通訊視頻主系統的數據格式)

Execute Buffers(執行緩沖區)

environment mapped bump mapping(環境凹凸映射)

Extended Burst Transactions(增強式突發處理)

Front Buffer(前置緩沖)

Flat(平面描影)

Frames rate is King(幀數為王)

FSAA(Full Scene Anti-aliasing,全景抗鋸齒失真)

Fog(霧化效果)

flip double buffered(反轉雙緩存)

fog table quality(霧化表畫質)

GART(Graphic Address Remappng Table,圖形地址重繪表)

Gouraud Shading(高洛德描影,也稱為內插法均勻塗色)

GPU(Graphics Processing Unit,圖形處理器)

GTF(Generalized Timing Formula,壹般程序時間,定義了產生畫面所需要的時間,包括了諸如畫面刷新率等)

HAL(Hardware Abstraction Layer,硬件抽像化層)

hardware motion compensation(硬件運動補償)

HDTV(high definition television,高清晰度電視)

HEL: Hardware Emulation Layer(硬件模擬層)

high triangle count(復雜三角形計數)

5、音頻

3DPA(3D Positional Audio,3D定位音頻)

AC(Audio Codec,音頻多媒體數字信號編譯碼器)

Auxiliary Input(輔助輸入接口)

CS(Channel Separation,聲道分離)

DS3D(DirectSound 3D Streams)

DSD(Direct Stream Digital,直接數字信號流)

DSL(Down Loadable Sample,可下載的取樣音色)

DLS-2(Downloadable Sounds Level 2,第二代可下載音色)

EAX(Environmental Audio Extensions,環境音效擴展技術)

FM(Frequency Modulation,頻率調制)

FR(Frequence Response,頻率響應)

FSE(Frequency Shifter Effect,頻率轉換效果)

HRTF(Head Related Transfer Function,頭部關聯傳輸功能)

IAS(Interactive Around-Sound,交互式環繞聲)

MIDI(Musical Instrument Digital Interface,樂器數字接口)

NDA(non-DWORD-aligned ,非DWORD排列)

Raw PCM: Raw Pulse Code Modulated(元脈碼調制)

RMA(RealMedia Architecture,實媒體架構)

RTSP(Real Time Streaming Protocol,實時流協議)

SACD(Super Audio CD,超級音樂CD)

SNR(Signal to Noise Ratio,信噪比)

S/PDIF(Sony/Phillips Digital Interface,索尼/飛利普數字接口)

SRS(Sound Retrieval System,聲音修復系統)

Super Intelligent Sound ASIC(超級智慧音頻集成電路)

THD+N(Total Harmonic Distortion plus Noise,總諧波失真加噪音)

QEM(QSound Environmental Modeling,QSound環境建模)

WG(Wave Guide,波導合成)

WT(Wave Table,波表合成)

6、RAM&ROM

ABP(Address Bit Permuting,地址位序列改變)

ATC(Access Time from Clock,時鐘存取時間)

BSRAM(Burst pipelined synchronous static RAM,突發式管道同步靜態內存)

CAS(Column Address Strobe,列地址控制器)

CCT(Clock Cycle Time,時鐘周期)

DB(Deep Buffer,深度緩沖)

DDR SDRAM(Double Date Rate,雙數據率SDRAM)

DIL(dual-in-line)

DIMM(Dual In-line Memory Modules,雙重內嵌式內存模塊)

DRAM(Dynamic Random Access Memory,動態隨機內存)

DRDRAM(Direct RAMbus DRAM,直接RAMbus內存)

ECC(Error Checking and Correction,錯誤檢查修正)

EEPROM(Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM,電擦寫可編程只讀存儲器)

FM(Flash Memory,閃存)

FMD ROM (Fluorescent Material Read Only Memory,熒光質只讀存儲器)

PIROM(Processor Information ROM,處理器信息ROM)

PLEDM(Phase-state Low Electron(hole)-number Drive Memory)

RAC(Rambus Asic Cell,Rambus集成電路單元)

RAS(Row Address Strobe,行地址控制器)

RDRAM(Rambus Direct RAM,直接型RambusRAM)

DIMM(RAMBUS In-line Memory Modules,RAMBUS內嵌式內存模塊)

SDR SDRAM(Single Date Rate,單數據率SDRAM)

SGRAM(synchronous graphics RAM,同步圖形隨機儲存器)

SO-DIMM(Small Outline Dual In-line Memory Modules,小型雙重內嵌式內存模塊)

SPD(Serial Presence Detect,串行存在檢查)

SRAM(Static Random Access Memory,靜態隨機內存)

SSTL-2(Stub Series Terminated Logic-2)

TSOPs(thin small outline packages,超小型封裝)

USWV(Uncacheable,Speculative,Write-Combining非緩沖隨機混合寫入)

VCMA(Virtual Channel Memory architecture,虛擬信道內存結構)

7、磁盤

AAT(Average access time,平均存取時間)

ABS(Auto Balance System,自動平衡系統)

ASMO(Advanced Storage Magneto-Optical,增強形光學內存)

AST(Average Seek time,平均尋道時間)

ATA(AT Attachment,AT擴展型)

ATOMM(Advanced super Thin-layer and high-Output Metal Media,增強形超薄高速金屬媒體)

bps(bit per second,位/秒)

CSS(Common Command Set,通用指令集)

DMA(Direct Memory Access,直接內存存取)

DVD(Digital Video Disk,數字視頻光盤)

EIDE(enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics,增強形電子集成驅動器)

FAT(File Allocation Tables,文件分配表)

FDBM(Fluid dynamic bearing motors,液態軸承馬達)

FDC(Floppy Disk Controller,軟盤驅動器控制裝置)

FDD(Floppy Disk Driver,軟盤驅動器)

GMR(giant magnetoresistive,巨型磁阻)

HDA(head disk assembly,磁頭集合)

HiFD(high-capacity floppy disk,高容量軟盤)

IDE(Integrated Drive Electronics,電子集成驅動器)

LBA(Logical Block Addressing,邏輯塊尋址)

MBR(Master Boot Record,主引導記錄)

MTBF(Mean Time Before Failure,平均故障時間)

PIO(Programmed Input Output,可編程輸入輸出模式)

PRML(Partial Response Maximum Likelihood,最大可能部分反應,用於提高磁盤讀寫傳輸率)

RPM(Rotation Per Minute,轉/分)

RSD(Removable Storage Device,移動式存儲設備)

SCSI(Small Computer System Interface,小型計算機系統接口)

SCMA(SCSI Configured Auto Magically,SCSI自動配置)

S.M.A.R.T.(Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology,自動監測、分析和報告技術)

SPS(Shock Protection System,抗震保護系統)

Ultra DMA(Ultra Direct Memory Access,超高速直接內存存取)

LVD(Low Voltage Differential)

Seagate硬盤技術

DiscWizard(磁盤控制軟件)

DST(Drive Self Test,磁盤自檢程序)

SeaShield(防靜電防撞擊外殼)

8、光驅

ATAPI(AT Attachment Packet Interface)

BCF(Boot Catalog File,啟動目錄文件)

BIF(Boot Image File,啟動映射檔)

CDR(CD Recordable,可記錄光盤)

CD-ROM/XA(CD-ROM eXtended Architecture,只讀光盤增強形架構)

CDRW(CD-Rewritable,可重復刻錄光盤)

CLV(Constant Linear Velocity,恒定線速度)

DAE(digital Audio Extraction,資料音頻抓取)

DDSS(Double Dynamic Suspension System,雙懸浮動態減震系統)

DDSS II(Double Dynamic Suspension System II,第二代雙層動力懸吊系統)

PCAV(Part Constant Angular Velocity,部分恒定角速度)

VCD(Video CD,視頻CD)

9、打印機

AAS(Automatic Area Seagment?)

dpi(dot per inch,每英寸的打印像素)

ECP(Extended Capabilities Port,延長能力埠)

EPP(Enhanced Parallel Port,增強形並行接口)

IPP(Internet Printing Protocol,因特網打印協議)

ppm(paper per minute,頁/分)

SPP(Standard Parallel Port,標準並行口)

TET(Text Enhanced Technology,文本增強技術)

USBDCDPD(Universal Serial Bus Device Class Definition for Printing Devices,打印設備的通用串行總線級標準)

VD(Variable Dot,變點式打印)

10、掃描儀

TWAIN(Toolkit Without An Interesting Name,協議)